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Developed in the 1980s and first formalized in 1990, the risk-need-responsivity model has been used with increasing success to assess and rehabilitate criminals in Canada and around the world. As suggested by its name, it is based on three principles: 1) the risk principle asserts that criminal behaviour can be reliably predicted and that treatment should focus on the higher risk offenders; 2) the need principle highlights the importance of criminogenic needs in the design and delivery of treatment; and 3) the responsivity principle describes how the treatment should be provided.

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regarding criminogenic needs... there are static factors(those can not be changed by treatment programme) and dynamic factors(those can be changed and highly related with recidivism).
dynamic factors include: anti-social personality; anti-social attitudes and values; anti-social associates; family dysfunction; poor self-control, poor problem-solving skils; substance abuse; lack of employment or employment skills.